Terracotta, derived from the Italian term meaning "baked earth," is a type of clay-based ceramic that is fired at relatively low temperatures. It is characterized by its reddish-brown color, which comes from the high iron content in the clay. Terracotta is porous and unglazed in its natural state, making it suitable for items like plant pots, where air and moisture permeability are beneficial. When glazed, it can be used for cooking ware or decorative items.